With the development of large-scale energy storage strategy, energy storage monitoring plate, as the core part of energy storage system, is of great significance to ensure scientific dispatch, continuous power consumption and personnel safety. Firstly, the hardware design of embedded microcontroller lithium battery parameter monitoring system is given, and the function of lithium battery parameter monitoring system is analyzed. The hardware design scheme, thermostatic element information acquisition circuit and storage unit of the monitoring system are given. Then the software design, driver and application program design of the embedded microcontroller lithium battery parameter monitoring system are studied, and the main tasks of the software are given.
Lithium batteries are a kind of power batteries and are widely used in electric vehicles and motorcycles. In electric vehicles, large-scale series-parallel operation of lithium batteries is often carried out to meet the output power standard. It is necessary to monitor and judge the status of lithium batteries in time to ensure their normal operation. In this paper, LPC1768 is used as the control center, and embedded real-time operating system is used to complete the program design. The lithium battery monitoring system designed in this paper mainly includes information acquisition, information preservation, PC communication and battery fault protection. Data acquisition mainly obtains power supply voltage, temperature and current status.
The acquired information is saved in time, the power status and monitoring information are saved, and the instructions sent by the upper computer are stored. The central part of the monitoring system is the embedded micro-control device, and the 32-bit embedded micro-control device is the mainstream of the control device. In order to meet the functional requirements of the monitoring system and expand the system requirements in the future, embedded micro-control devices have reserved interfaces, including 12 groups of USB interfaces, 2 groups of UART, 2 groups of CAN channels, to ensure that they can work at 68MHz, and set up Flash storage devices. The information acquisition circuit chooses the battery monitoring chip, and sets up two 12-bit ADCs to measure the voltage of the series power supply and two sets of temperature sensors to complete the measurement of each group of batteries. The maximum deviation is guaranteed to be between 0.3%.
The main control device uses SPI to adjust the starting voltage of LTC to complete temperature acquisition, and then returns the acquisition information through the bus. The 64 megabyte storage unit is expanded on the control panel, which can save battery information, status and communication commands. In the whole system, information control circuit is used to convert current data into voltage data and output them to AD interface. The embedded microcontroller lithium battery parameter monitoring system realizes communication information conversion through CAN, and communicates with the host computer.
This chapter mainly completes the hardware design of the embedded microcontroller lithium battery parameter monitoring system, studies the function of the lithium battery parameter monitoring system, system hardware design scheme, information acquisition circuit and storage unit. Embedded microcontroller lithium battery parameter monitoring system realizes lithium battery monitoring in embedded real-time operating system from the perspective of real-time system and multi-threading application, and completes hardware layer driver. The driving mode includes AD driver, SPI driver, timing device driver and so on. It is used to accomplish multi-task processing in real-time system. This paper divides the software tasks into three main categories. One is that the CAN communication tasks can communicate with the host computer, and the battery monitoring tasks, whose priority is lower than the given time limit, and the battery information is sampled to realize power status discrimination; the information storage tasks are completed, and the battery information is saved.
The driver part of hardware includes AD driver, SPI, timing device and CAN driver. After power-on, the initialization settings are completed by SPI bus. When collecting voltage and temperature, the ADC conversion command of starting power supply is transmitted to realize the subsequent battery voltage storage and conversion of acquisition value. In the application board design, according to the function of embedded microcontroller lithium battery parameter monitoring system, this paper mainly completes the design of information sampling program, information preservation program, CAN command processing and alarm processing program.
The information sampling program mainly realizes partial sampling of voltage, temperature and current. In addition to the hardware filtering, the software chooses the multi-channel sampling method and removes the maximum and minimum values, completes the mean processing and software filtering, and compares the filtered information with the threshold results to determine whether the power supply is in the normal state. Each acquisition of information and power status is stored in time sequence. If the amount of information exceeds the storage space, the existing acquisition information needs to be deleted, and the commands in the communication process of the host computer are saved to achieve system record preservation. According to the commands given by the host computer, the monitoring system is operated, including information still in existence, battery status preservation, system status, opening and closing power supply circuit and so on. According to the acquired information, the power state is judged.
If the power supply voltage is too high or too low, the power supply temperature is too high, and the discharge current is too large, the fault data need to be returned. The discharge circuit is disconnected to realize battery protection. The information acquired by the power supply monitoring system is read by the upper computer, which can monitor the temperature value, voltage value and discharge circuit current of the power supply in real time, and acquire the status of the system and battery through reading. In order to know the accuracy of voltage sampling of the monitoring system, the voltage test can be completed for the test channel. If the deviation is within 0.58%, it decreases with the increase of voltage value and within 10 mV. The main factor causing the deviation is the formation of the reference deviation of the measured voltage. This chapter mainly completes the software design of embedded microcontroller lithium battery parameter monitoring system, analyses the design of embedded operating system, gives the main tasks of the software, driver, application program, information sampling program, information preservation program design, system testing, deviation analysis, and completes CAN command processing and obstacle alarm and protection. Lithium batteries are the functional plates of electronic products and play an important role in the development of modern science and technology society. This paper chooses LPC1768 chip to complete the design of lithium battery monitoring system.
The whole system can complete the monitoring of single power supply voltage, battery temperature and discharge current, and use CAN to send back to the host computer. Firstly, this paper studies the design significance of the parameter monitoring system for lithium batteries based on embedded microcontroller, and then completes the hardware design of the parameter monitoring system for lithium batteries based on embedded microcontroller.
The function of the parameter monitoring system for lithium batteries, the hardware design scheme of the system, the information acquisition circuit and the storage unit are studied. Finally, the software design of the embedded microcontroller lithium battery parameter monitoring system is realized, and the embedded operating system design is analyzed. The main tasks of the software, driver, application program, information sampling program and information preservation program design are given, and the CAN command processing and obstacle alarm and protection are completed.