Dayang Street Lamp is widely recognized for its advantages of no cable laying and no conventional energy consumption. However, there are still some problems in solar street lamp, which lead to high cost and unstable reliability. For example, batteries often need to be replaced in less than a year. This not only increases the cost of later maintenance, but also increases the consumption cost of customers, and also causes waste of resources.
Secondly, solar energy belongs to unstable energy, and the energy distribution is uneven. In summer, the energy is abundant, but the time of street lamp use is short, and the time of effective illumination in winter is short, but the time of street lamp use is long, which greatly reduces the reliability of operation. The reason is mainly affected by the performance of solar street lamp controller street lamp controller.
Solar controller is the core part of solar photovoltaic system.
It mainly completes the charging, thermostatic element discharging, dimming of storage battery and the opening and beauty control of street lamp, as well as timely and effective protection of the system when overcharging, overdischarging and overloading occur, ensuring lighting time, ensuring reliability, effectively prolonging battery life and reducing battery life. Cost. Various modern control theories and algorithms, such as white adaptive control, self-learning control, fuzzy logic control and neural network control, have been widely used in photovoltaic power generation systems. Among them, the design of adaptive control solar power supply street lamp controller is worth promoting.
White adapts to the design goal of solely solar powered street lamp: mainly for branch roads and residential roads and pedestrian and pedestrian street lamps for non-motorized vehicles, this design is also suitable for the south wind powered or wind-solar complementary street lamp system: due to the unreliability of solar energy and the strictness of the lighting design standards of main roads, simple Solar power supply is more complex than the design of street lamp controller with municipal power supply.
If the system control needs solar energy and municipal power switching, it would be better to simplify the design on the basis of this design. The target location is located in Beijing. White adapts to the design purpose of simple solar power supply street lamp controller: through accurate control, to reduce costs and improve reliability of the day. MPPT circuit.
According to the characteristics of solar street lamp battery panel, if the output voltage of solar street lamp battery array is controlled near a constant voltage value, the solar cell has the highest energy conversion efficiency near the maximum power point during the whole working process. The strategy of charging voltage limit and battery temperature rise detection is adopted, such as battery power 36V, charging cut-off voltage 42.5-43V, charging cut-off temperature 80 C and charging cut-off temperature 30 C.
Most of the time, however, the battery is basically under-charged. At the same time, through real-time data acquisition of battery voltage, using software control to take voltage limiting protection for batteries: through real-time calculation of battery power for overcharge and overdischarge protection, when the power is 100%, stop charging, when the power is 20%, stop discharging, in order to prolong its life, make a second line of defense. Design of adaptive simple solar street lamp controller. Intelligent control switch, real-time monitoring, early warning function. Solar street lamp panel current detection, battery voltage detection, battery power monitoring, as well as environmental temperature detection, the use of light on and off, and real-time upload of working environment and state data, early warning failure, to ensure the reliability of the system. Adaptive adjustment of brightness.
Usually, in order to ensure the normal operation of continuous rainy and cloudy days, solar street lamp manufacturers only blindly increase the capacity of batteries. The capacity of general batteries can reach five times the capacity of battery panels. In fact, this can not solve the problem. Because the reliability of working in rainy days depends not on the capacity of batteries, but on the balance of many factors.
According to the current geographical location, season, time, meteorological conditions, radiation of light, dust concentration, working environment and residual electricity, the brightness of the lamp can be adjusted adaptively and the energy can be allocated reasonably.
Because it is designed to supply pure solar energy without considering dual power supply, the only way to improve the reliability of the system is to sacrifice the brightness of the lamp.
According to the remaining electricity and the charging amount of the day, white-adapted adjustment is carried out. While ensuring normal lighting, the working point of the battery is kept at high potential for a long time, and the charging and discharging depth is less than 30%. According to the cycle life curve of the battery, the life of the battery can be prolonged by 4-5 times, and the cost of the solar street lamp can be effectively reduced.
Improve reliability. The calculation process of residual electricity and charge quantity will be described separately below. The design of adaptive simple solar power supply street lamp controller realizes the intelligent solar street lamp controller with MPPT circuit as the control core. It has the characteristics of simple peripheral circuit and high reliability, realizes the maximum power point tracking of solar cells, adopts reasonable battery charging and discharging strategy, realizes simple algorithm, and improves too much. The use efficiency of the solar panels also prolongs the service life of the batteries. For individual over-charged and over-charged lamps, the area of the panels is increased and reduced according to the problems. Batteries or beads are replaced. The configuration of the solar panels is flexibly adjusted according to the actual situation of each street lamp, so that each lamp can work in the best state, which not only ensures the normal lighting, but also ensures the normal lighting.
It avoids the waste of resources and reduces the cost of products. It has certain reference and popularization value.