Street lamps are not only our daily life, but also the indispensable electrical equipment for social development and urban construction. Nowadays, with the increasing population, the shortage of resources and the energy crisis have become a major crisis facing the whole world, which has attracted the attention of all countries in the world. In recent years, China’s electricity demand is increasing year by year, the situation is not optimistic, especially in the process of rapid development of urban lighting, landscape lighting is consuming huge power resources. Therefore, it is imperative to save electricity in the future. Intelligent street lamp controller can effectively control the street lamp through energy-saving devices to achieve the effect of reducing power consumption. At present, there are some street lamp controllers in the market, which are simple in structure, easy to disassemble and assemble, and easy to operate, but the effect of energy saving is not obvious. Our idea is based on some energy-saving problems existing in similar products on the market. Through signal detection by photoresistors and pyroelectric human body sensors, control by Arduino control board, output by relay, the automatic control and effective power-saving of street lamps are realized. The design concept has the characteristics of simple street lamp transformation, energy saving, environmental protection and high efficiency. From the point of view of its convenience and structural simplicity, it can greatly reduce the labor and energy waste. With the acceleration of China’s economic development and urbanization, the number of urban residents is increasing, but also to the city’s lighting has brought some pressure. According to statistics, the power consumption of urban lighting projects accounts for about 30% of the total lighting power consumption in China, but most urban lighting projects are mainly low-efficiency lighting, while cities and towns are composed of communities. If this part of electricity consumption can be reduced, it will greatly reduce the waste of coal resources and reduce environmental pollution. In view of such a situation, I have come up with the idea of designing a controller to effectively regulate the power consumption of street lamps. According to this idea, I began to access information through the network and library, hoping to put my idea into practice. At the same time, I consulted some professional teachers of Hebei University of Engineering and Handan Vocational and Technical College.
Under the guidance of teachers of No. 1 Middle School in Handan City, after efforts, I finally conceived such a community environmental protection guard-intelligent street lamp controller, which enables street lamps to turn on when people come and turn off when people pass, and can set up their working mode. 。 My design is based on the results of observing and thinking carefully about the things in life from small things to small ones. It is through effectively controlling the closure of street lights to achieve the goal of saving electricity, so as to achieve the effect of protecting resources, saving energy and protecting the environment. During the holidays, I made a survey on the use of street lamps on campus of Handan Vocational and Technical College. According to the period of turning on the lights at 18:00 a.m. every day and closing at 5:00 the next day, I calculated that the time of lighting was 11 hours a day, the power of street lamps was 100 W, the number of 300, 330 degrees a day and 120 450 degrees a year. According to the actual survey, the peak time of students’daily flow is from 18:00 to 20:00, and from 20:00 to 23:00, students’ flow is only 30% of the peak time. After 23:00, students’flow is basically zero, and the electricity consumption of students’ flow accounts for about 30% of the total electricity consumption. After using our products, the electricity consumption can be saved up to 70% and converted into actual power consumption of about 84315 degrees. This design is designed and developed on the open source electronic prototype platform Arduino by using single chip computer technology and sensor technology. It basically solves some problems of energy saving existing in similar products on the market at present, and also has the characteristics of simple street lamp transformation, energy saving, environmental protection and high efficiency. This design completes signal detection by photoresistor and pyroelectric human body sensor, control by Arduino control board, output by relay, and automatic control of street lamp. From the convenience and structural simplicity of this design, it can greatly reduce the labor and energy waste. The main device of this product is pyroelectric human body sensor. The function of this device is in a certain range (adjustable range) centered on the device. It can output high level when the human body is active. Connect the output with the small LED bulb to make the small bulb glow. (A small light bulb can connect multiple sensors and use a `with’connection. The effect is that as long as one sensor has an induction, the small light bulb will light up. The intelligent street lamp circuit designed in this paper consists of three parts: photoelectric conversion circuit, Arduino control board and single chip computer driving street lamp circuit. Its basic principle block diagram is shown in the figure. The basic idea is to use photoelectric sensor and pyroelectric human body sensor to convert the light signal and human body signal into electrical signal, and then compare the electric signal with the pre-set electric signal in Arduino control board. The output of signal amplitude discriminator circuit controls the driving circuit of street lamp, and the driving circuit of street lamp controls the lighting and extinguishing of street lamp. If the signal amplitude discriminator circuit outputs a high level, the driving circuit will light the driving street lamp and turn off the reverse road lamp. The core component of street lamp driving circuit is Arduino, which controls its output with the input of Arduino, and then realizes the control of street lamp on and off. The two purposes of choosing the circuit components of light-controlled street lamps are: 1) Accuracy: it is required that street lamps can be accurately lit or extinguished under a certain light intensity. 2) Stability: Require that the state of the street lamp is not easily affected by accidental illumination changes outside, so as to avoid frequent lighting and extinguishing of the street lamp. The circuit includes photoelectric conversion circuit, Arduino control board and street lamp driving circuit. In the design, thermostatic element the core components of photoelectric conversion circuit, Arduino control board and street lamp driving circuit are photosensitive resistor CdS, pyroelectric human body sensor, Arduino uno R3 and relay output module. In the design, photoresistors and pyroelectric human body sensors are used as sensors to detect external signals. The main reason is that the resistance of photoresistors tends to decrease under the action of light, and pyroelectric elements are used. When the infrared radiation temperature of human body changes, these elements will lose charge balance, release charge outward, and subsequent electricity. The alarm signal can be generated after the road is detected and processed. The photoelectric detection circuit transmits the detected signal to the single chip computer in the form of high and low levels, thus completing the whole photoelectric detection process. In the whole system, the Arduino control circuit is the core of the whole system. It is responsible for processing and processing the signals collected by the photoelectric detection circuit, and executing and calculating according to the previously set instructions, and transmitting the results to the corresponding execution circuit. The relay execution circuit acts as the execution task in the system, responds to the instructions issued by Arduino, and completes the corresponding operation. Arduino sends the output signal to the execution circuit after calculating and processing the signal transmitted by the photoelectric detection circuit, and the relay execution circuit controls the external equipment. Make the whole system design more perfect, for the relevant design expectations can be reflected to the greatest extent. Software program design controls the I/O interface of MCU. Intelligent light-controlled street lamp mainly achieves the control of the output port through the light-controlled circuit’s induction to light.
It outputs high level in the dark time-controlled part. Through the control of the internal program of MCU, the output port is defined as low level. Street lamp is effective at low level. When the output terminal of MCU reaches low level circuit. The lights are on. The IO ports of two human body sensors and LED lamps are pin1, Pin2 and LED respectively. Initialize IO port, pin1, Pin2 as input interface. LED is the output interface. The loop main loop reads the state sensed by two human sensors, one is human, the other is unmanned, and the delay is 0.1 seconds. As long as one of the two human sensors senses someone, the LED lamp will emit light, and the serial port will output 1. When the two human body sensors are not sensitive to human activity, the LED does not emit light, and the serial port will output 0. In the actual connection process of the hardware circuit, the circuit connection is as follows: the sensor VDD port (pin facing the right pin of its three pins) connects the 5V power supply VCC port, the sensor GND port (the left end) connects the GND port of the board, the sensor SIG port (the middle pin) connects the IO port of the board (7 and 12 ports are used in this program), the small bulb positive pole connects the 13IO port, and the negative pole connects the GND port of the board.（ The ports are not enough to lead out multiple wires. Through debugging the hardware and software of the intelligent street lamp, the intelligent control and accurate control of the switching street lamp circuit are realized, and the expected goal is achieved. In order to make the system achieve the desired effect at the beginning of the design, the unfinished part of software design: in the whole system design, the use of photosensitive resistors for external light detection, for external light changes can be timely made corresponding actions. But there are also some problems in the design of such a system. The external light environment sometimes changes unpredictably.
In thunderstorm weather, because of natural reasons such as lightning and thunder, the external light changes frequently and obviously. The photoelectric detection circuit detects the signal and transmits it to Arduino for processing. If Arduino only processes the port level without judging, it may cause street lights. The blink and blink affect the stability of the system. Therefore, this problem should be solved in the future programming. The signal transmitted by the photoelectric detection circuit should be analyzed and processed. The demonstrative operation of the change of the port level can avoid such phenomena and prevent the interference of natural phenomena such as lightning and lightning on the street lamp control, so as to achieve practical purposes. The innovation of this product lies in the use of Arduino board as the core component of the control circuit, which can drive the street lamp flexibly, the circuit is simple and easy to debug, realizing the accurate spot lighting or extinguishing of the street lamp; moreover, the sensor detection part adopts the detection method combining human body detection and light detection, which greatly improves the control effect, and can ensure energy saving, high efficiency and meet people’s demand for street lamp. Various requirements. According to the previous search situation, this kind of street lamp control method used in this product belongs to one of the characteristics of the similar products, such as simple transformation, energy saving and high efficiency, and the cost is much lower than that of similar products in the market, and the control effect is basically the same as that of similar products.
In the 1990s, the intelligent lighting industry entered the Chinese market. Restricted by market consumption awareness, market environment, product price, promotion system and other factors, it has always been in a relatively slow development trend. In recent years, with the acceleration of urbanization, the increase of population and the increasing demand for electricity, more and more people will pay attention to and recognize intelligent lighting, and it will become the next “tuyere” of lighting industry. At present, the economic restructuring and enterprise transformation will be gradually deepened. More traditional enterprises and new companies will enter the field of intelligent lighting, and begin to explore and lay out intelligent lighting and control system industries. In the next five to ten years, intelligent lighting will become the “vane” of the whole industrial development and a beautiful scenic line in urban construction.
Combining with the lighting situation of our classroom, I found that there were no students in our classroom, including some classes in our grade, and the lamp tube was still in use, which caused a waste of resources and also brought some difficulties to the class management. The implementation and improvement of this project can effectively solve and avoid such problems. At the same time, this design product can increase the variable resistance to achieve the effect of brightness adjustment, but also by adding alarms to expand.